Stress Fractures Caused by Physical Exercise

Fractures caused by child abuse.

Caffey’s paper on the association between fractures of the long bones and subdural haematoma, published in 1946, was the first modern description of the consequences of child abuse, now often referred to by the euphemism ‘non-accidental injury’. Since then there have been many reports of the skeletal injuries in the radiological and paediatric literature (Caffey 1957; Kempe et al 1962; Griffith...

Diabetes, oxidative stress and physical exercise.

Oxidative stress, an imbalance between the generation of reactive oxygen species and antioxidant defense capacity of the body, is closely associated with aging and a number of diseases including cancer, cardiovascular diseases, diabetes and diabetic complications. Several mechanisms may cause oxidative insult in diabetes, although their exact contributions are not entirely clear. Accumulating e...

Physical Exercise for Prevention of Falls and Fractures

The effect of phytochemical compounds on indicators of oxidative stress, inflammation and skeletal muscle damage caused by physical activity

Physical activities are associated with increased production of reactive oxygen species. The production of reactive oxygen species is dependent of the intensity, duration and type of activity. Although the physiological amounts of reactive oxygen species are necessary to regulate cell reactions, their excessive production can cause numerous damages to the structure and function of cells and wea...

Anemia Caused by Oxidative Stress

Anemia is considered to be one of the major health problems. According to the World Health Organization, about 30 percent of people throughout the world suffer from anemia. The most common cause of anemia is iron deficiency; however, recent work has shown that reactive oxygen species (ROS) of erythrocytes are one of the principal causative factors of anemia. Elevation of ROS in erythrocytes cou...